Effect of a complex therapy including a nonspecific immune correction in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus on the health status of their children

Abstract

Aim. To study the effect of a complex therapy including a nonspecific immune correction (heparin inhalation in the gestational period of women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) with documented overproduction of insulin and insulin receptor autoantibodies) on the health of their children. Methods. A comparative analysis of neuropsychic development, somatic status, and immunological features was performed in children from birth to three years born by mothers with DM1 who received a standard complex therapy (main group, n = 101) and children from mothers with DM1 who received heparin inhalation as a part of the complex therapy during pregnancy (study group, n = 40). The control group (n = 30) consisted of children from somatically healthy mothers without infectious and endocrine pathology. Results. Analysis of the incidence of CNS pathology observed in newborns during the neonatal period showed an increase in this index in both groups of children born from mothers with DM1 compared to the control. However, according to the results of scoring (GNOM method) the number of healthy children was significantly greater whereas the number of children with CNS pathology who needed treatment was significantly less. Moreover, the level of insulin antibodies was significantly lower (p <0.05) in children of the experimental group at the age of one year than in the main group. Conclusion. The timely use of nonspecific immune correction as a part of the complex therapy of pregnant women with DM1 allows to normalize the level of organ-specific autoantibodies, improve both the clinical condition of newborns and the prediction for their subsequent neurological development.