Biological effects of a cell-free tissue engineering product from the human umbilical cord
Abstract
The use of tissue engineering products (TIP) consisting of extracellular matrix (ECM) of various origins in deep skin lesions with destruction of the stromal framework is a promising method of tissue engineering (TI). Medicinal products based on a combination of collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) produced by the methods of decellularization of biomaterials of various origins are widely used. A highly regenerative TIP based on the human umbilical cord was developed and patented in the TI laboratory of the Military Medical Academy.
Methods. Biological effects of this TIP have been studied in in vitro and in vivo experiments. The growth and viability of cell populations isolated from mouse skin explants in the presence of TIP were studied during 40 days of cultivation. The healing of full-thickness skin wounds in the presence of TIP was studied in 64 white male mice. Silicone rings were used to prevent contraction. Tissue samples from wound areas were collected on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 for histological examination.
Results. The proliferation of cells cultured in the presence of TIP was significantly more active compared to cells cultured under standard conditions: 2.63 [2.55; 2.68], and 2.03 [1.95; 2.10] ×106 in ml, respectively. The viability of cells cultured in the presence of TIP was significantly higher compared to the control: 91.00 [87.75; 95.25]% and 70.00 [65.00; 71.50]%, respectively. No intensive inflammatory reactions in the areas of wounds or cellular reactions to the presence of a foreign body were found in experimental and control animals throughout the entire observation period. Processes of vasculogenesis in the tissues surrounding the wound and formation of granulation tissue containing mature blood vessels were more active compared to the control.
Conclusion. The properties of TIP shown in our in vitro and in vivo experiments have a great therapeutic potential for the treatment of wounds.
