Some features of vasoactive factors in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Authors

  • I.A. Yatskov Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute of the V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9640-754X
  • V.A. Beloglazov Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute of the V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9640-754X
  • E.S. Ageeva Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute of the V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4590-3580
  • I.N. Repinskaya Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute of the V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6200-1699
  • E.R. Zagidullina Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute of the V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9693-5461

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48612/path/2310-0435.2025.04.46-50

Keywords:

type 1 diabetes mellitus, endothelial dysfunction, endothelin-1, angiotensin-II, eNOS, vasoactive factors

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by absolute insulin deficiency due to the destruction of beta cells of the pancreas. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the prevalence of DM1 continues to grow steadily, accounting for approximately 5-10% of all cases of diabetes, while the disease manifests itself mainly in childhood and young age. The main clinical problem of DM1 is the high risk of developing specific micro- and macrovascular complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, as well as accelerated development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. These complications remain the leading cause of disability and premature mortality in patients, despite advances in insulin therapy.

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the regulation of vasoactive factors in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) to identify key mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction underlying vascular complications.

Materials and methods: A comparative study included 78 T1DM patients and 105 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Plasma concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1), angiotensin-II (Ang II), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis employed non-parametric tests.

Results: T1DM patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of vasoconstrictors: ET-1 35.1 (26.2‒43.7) pg/mL vs 26.4 (21.3‒34.1) pg/mL in controls (p = 0.018) and Ang II 134.0 (84.0‒204.0) pg/mL vs 154.0 (96.0‒228.0) pg/mL (p = 0.001). No significant differences were found for eNOS, VEGFA, PAI-1, or TGF-β.

Conclusion: The results of the study confirm the presence of hyperactivation of vasoconstrictor systems (ET-1 and RAAS) in patients with DM1.

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Published

2025-12-28

Issue

Vol. 23 No. 4 (2025): Патогенез

Section

Clinical researches

How to Cite

Some features of vasoactive factors in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. (2025). Patogenez (Pathogenesis), 23(4), 46-50. https://doi.org/10.48612/path/2310-0435.2025.04.46-50

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