A model of incomplete lower urinary tract obstruction and measurement of protein carbonyl in rat kidney homogenates

Abstract

The widespread prevalence of urological diseases causing lower urinary tract obstruction raises the question of the pathogenesis of renal parenchyma injury in incomplete obstructive uropathy especially acutely.

Objective: To demonstrate damage to the renal parenchyma in a model of partial obstructive uropathy caused by the formation of an artificial bladder stone.

Materials and Methods. The experiment was conducted on 48 albino female rats weighing 200–250 g, of which 10 served as a control group. The model of partial lower urinary tract obstruction consisted of the formation of a foreign body in the rats' bladder. After testing various methods for introducing the hardening material into the bladder cavity, transurethral administration of the hardening material was chosen. The method for determining carbonyl stress levels was based on detecting oxidative degradation of proteins with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in kidney homogenates.

Results. The study identified the Highly elastic alginate material as the most suitable for the experimental objectives. At autopsy, all rats in this group (n = 34) were found to have an elastic, spherical or ovoid calculus measuring 5–8 mm in length and 2–6 mm in width. Twenty-seven animals showed an increase in bladder volume and thinning of the bladder walls, along with moderate dilation of the renal pelvis. Kidney homogenates on days 21 and 30 of partial lower urinary tract obstruction showed a statistically significant increase in protein carbonyl groups compared to controls.

Conclusion. The model of artificial bladder calculus formation reproduces the clinical picture of partial lower urinary tract obstruction and is suitable for studying the pathogenesis of renal parenchymal damage caused by this condition.