Neuroimmune markers of cognitive defecite in Alcheimer disease

Abstract

Problem of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prophylactics and diagnostics nowadays is of special interest because of clinical case growth. In the basis of the AD pathogenesis the molecular mechanisms involving formation of A toxic amyloidogenic structures, neurotransmitter disbalance, disregulation of neurotrophic system, induction of inflammation and autoimmune reactions against brain active factors are involved. By ELISA in sera of patients with different stages of AD duration and AD dementia the level of autoantibodies to A_25-35 oligomers, protein S100b, dopamine and 5-HT, as well as serum concentration of the S100b were determined. Mild and moderate dementia in AD was characterized by elevated levels of serum autoantibodies to A_25-35 oligomers, while in moderate to severe stages of dementia an increase in the S100b concentration and a S100b antibodies as well as antibodies to dopamine were examined. 5-HT autoantibody level increased on the light stage of AD and elevated levels to them were maintained at subsequent stages of the disease cognitive alterations. The resulting autoimmune pattern to molecular factors involved in AD pathogenesis may be used for additional molecular diagnostics using neuroimmune markers in the development of the AD novel treatment strategies.