Electronegative low-density lipoproteins

Abstract

One of the best known risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is atherogenic index associated with changes in lipid profile of blood plasma. An imbalanced lipid profile is the result of shifting concentrations of low-density and high-density lipoproteins in blood plasma which influences atherogenic index. The main sources of cholesterol and lipids causing the development of atherosclerotic lesions are low-density lipoproteins (LDL). At the same time, a therapy aimed to decrease the amount of LDL in blood is rather often counterproductive. However, in the development of atherosclerosis and CVD some subclasses of modified LDL may play an important role. A quantitative analysis of blood LDL of different subclasses can serve as an irrespective and relevant predictive factor in assessing risk of CVD development. One of the most known modifications of low-density lipoproteins is electronegative LDL, which physicochemical, immunological and atherogenic properties are reviewed in detail in the present article. Furthermore, the article shows the data on the association of electronegative blood LDL levels with various risk factors of CVD development. Moreover, an increase in electronegativity levels of LDL can be considered as a new, independent risk factor of CVD development. Electronegative LDL also could be a therapeutic target.