Effect of magnesium orotate on histostructure and dynamics of changes in matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the wall of internal carotid arteries

Abstract

The aim is to identify the structural features and mechanisms of formation of pathological tortuosity of the internal carotid arteries (ICA) with evaluation of the effect of therapy with magnesium orotate. Material and methods. With the help of light microscopy, immunohistochemical analysis, fragments of arteries obtained with successively performed bilateral rezection of the ICA in patients with their bilateral pathological tortuosity before and after treatment with magnesium orotate were studied. Results. Before the treatment in the middle shell arteries revealed weakly expressed in histochemical reaction of smooth muscle cells on elastin, the fragmentation of the internal elastic membrane and visual decrease in the number of elastic fibers. The outer shell in all the in vestigated samples looked different degrees of "loosened". After treatment with magnesium orotate structure of the middle shell of the ICA look more compact close bundles of smooth myocytes in all samples. Collagen fibers of the outer shell was located in a more compact, only on the periphery, where the outer sheath of the ICA almost merges with the tissues of adjacent organs was present signs of separation and mesh architecture of the fibers. Pronounced immunohistochemical reaction of cells of middle and outer shells on metalloproteinase-9 to the treatment of magnesium orotate allows us to consider the activation of the synthesis of this enzyme as one of the mechanisms that lead to dissociation (and, perhaps, — and degradation) bundles of smooth myocytes, collagen fibers and elastin in the formation of pathological tortuosity. Treatment with magnesium orotate significantly optimizes histological structure of the walls of the arteries. Conclusion. At the basis of the formation of pathological tortuosity of the ICA, there may be a disruption in the ratio of production of collagen and elastin to smooth myocytes, fibroblasts of the middle and outer membranes, and/or activation of the synthesis by these cells of matrix metalloproteinase-9. Magnesium orotate contributes to the restoration of the histological architectonics of the wall of the ICA due to a decrease in the activity of MMP-9 formation by cells of the arterial membranes and restoration of the compact architectural structure of the latter.