Особенности диагностики ВПЧ-статуса плоскоклеточной карциномы вульвы

M. I. Pakharukova; I. S. Yuzhakova; E. S. Gorchakovskaia; E. A. Kuznetsova; A. A. Efremenko; Yu. G. Lagereva; N. V. Kazantseva; B. G. Yushkov; Ya. B. Beikin

doi:10.25557/2310-0435.2023.01.54-61

M. I. Pakharukova Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation; Clinical and Diagnostic Center Yekaterinburg, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6019-3463
I. S. Yuzhakova Yekaterinburg Clinical Perinatal Center, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6184-1028
E. S. Gorchakovskaia Sverdlovsk Regional Oncological Clinic, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
E. A. Kuznetsova Clinical and Diagnostic Center Yekaterinburg, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
A. A. Efremenko Clinical and Diagnostic Center Yekaterinburg, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Yu. G. Lagereva Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation; Clinical and Diagnostic Center Yekaterinburg, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8211-0753
N. V. Kazantseva Sverdlovsk Regional Oncological Clinic, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
B. G. Yushkov Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6368-0099
Ya. B. Beikin Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation; Clinical and Diagnostic Center Yekaterinburg, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25557/2310-0435.2023.01.54-61

Keywords: vulvar squamous cell carcinoma, human papillomavirus, p16, p53, diagnostic methods

Abstract

According to the current classification published by the World Health Organization, vulvar squamous cell carcinomas are divided into human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated and HPV-independent. Recent studies have increasingly reported differences in clinical outcomes depending on the HPV status of the tumor. Data on the prevalence of carcinoma types vary widely, which is most likely due to the choice of the method for determining the HPV status.

The aim of this work was to study characteristics of HPV-independent and HPV-associated vulvar carcinomas and to determine effective methods for diagnosing the HPV status.

Materials and methods. Materials of 74 patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva were retrospectively studied. Biopsy or intraoperative samples from paraffin blocks were examined. HPV typing was performed by real-time PCR. Expression of p16 and p53 was determined by an immunohistochemical method.

Results. Incidence rate of HPV-associated vulvar carcinoma was 28.4% with the HPV 16 genotype prevailing. Incidence rate of polyinfection was 19%. The most common molecular subtype was p16-p53mut (55.4%); p16+p53wt and p16-p53wt accounted for 28.4% and 13.5%, respectively. HPV-independent carcinomas were generally keratinizing (94.3%). 57.1% of HPV-associated carcinomas were basaloid, and 42.9% were keratinizing.

Conclusion. Vulvar squamous cell carcinomas are mostly HPV-independent. To determine the HPV status of carcinoma, as well as the molecular subtype, it is necessary to simultaneously evaluate the expression of p16 and p53 immunohistochemically.

Diagnostic features of the HPV status in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract