Динамика психофизиологических показателей у участников Российской Антарктической экспедиции

I. A. Kutuzova; A. V. Kotenev; N. B. Pankova; P. O. Ratmanova

doi:10.25557/2310-0435.2024.01.73-80

I. A. Kutuzova M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Soil Science Faculty, Moscow, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0993-493X
A. V. Kotenev M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, Russian Federation
N. B. Pankova Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3582-817X
P. O. Ratmanova M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0354-5527

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25557/2310-0435.2024.01.73-80

Keywords: sensorimotor reactivity, attention, psychophysiological indicators, adaptive changes, long expeditions, Antarctic

Abstract

Developing of norm criteria and defining the range of normal values is important for differentiating borderline conditions, health and disease. A great help in this area is the assessment of the adaptive potential of the organism, the boundaries of which are constantly tested and refined in various extreme situations – in the Arctic and Antarctic, when climbing the highest peaks of the world, in space flights.

The aim of the study was to assess psychophysiological indicators (psychomotor reactivity and distribution of attention) among participants in the Antarctic expedition.

Methods. Three participants of the 68th Russian Antarctic Expedition (68th RAE) took part in the study. Testing of psychophysiological indicators was carried out during the sea passage (from November 15, 2022 to January 3, 2023), and in the first weeks of work on the ice continent (until February 1, 2023). We used the “BioMouse” software and hardware complex, model KFP-01b (NeuroLab LLC, Russian Federation), and its tests: simple visual-motor reaction (SVMR), complex visual-motor reaction (CVMR), test for distribution of attention, reaction to moving objects (RMO).

Results. Analysis of the results of tests of SVMR, CVMR and attention distribution for the entire observation period revealed the presence of statistically significant dynamics of these indicators in all subjects (p < 0.001 in all cases), there was no dynamics of RMO indicators. The greatest variability was found for the SVMR indicator; As the cognitive component became more complex (SVMR → CVMR → RDO), the variability of the results decreased. It was found that only part of the dynamic changes in psychophysiological indicators was associated with environmental conditions, and was noted in 2 out of 3 subjects (in different combinations); the remaining fluctuations are due to the individual characteristics of the study participants.

Conclusion. The tests used to assess psychophysiological indicators turned out to be sensitive enough to detect the influence of factors of the Antarctic expedition on the functional state of the subjects. The time of a simple visual-motor reaction, reflecting the state of the nervous system, can be noted as a priority.

Dynamics of psychophysiological indicators in participants of the Russian Antarctic expedition

Abstract