Experimental correction of fetal growth delay

Abstract

Relevance. Fetal growth restriction is a common complication of pregnancy, associated with insufficient placental function, which causes a high risk of perinatal mortality. A number of experimental studies indicate the characteristic patterns of placental disorders in humans and animal models. With the help of the latter, it is possible to analyze the pathogenesis of placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction syndrome, and to make a certain contribution to the development of pathogenetically based prevention and treatment.

The purpose of the study is to develop and provide a pathogenetic rationale for the experimental correction of fetal growth retardation (FGR) using a vitamin-mineral complex containing folic acid and iodine.

Materials and methods. The experiment used 30 first-pregnant Wistar rats, aged 5-8 months, weighing 150-200 g, including: control (n = 10) – intact rats; experimental group No. 1 (n = 10) – rats, which were modeled with FGR; experimental group No. 2 (n = 10) – rats, modeling FGR against the background of vitamin and mineral complex containing folic acid and iodine (FGR+Fol). Progesterone and corticosterone concentrations were determined in animals at the 2nd and 3rd weeks of pregnancy.

Results. In rats of the experimental group No. 1, there was an increase in progesterone levels and a decrease in corticosterone concentration. The rats had low fetal weight and length, as well as low placental weight. In rats of the experimental group No. 2. The use of vitamin and mineral complex in rats of experimental group No. 2 led to normalization of progesterone levels, while corticosterone concentrations remained stable. The rats had normal weight and growth rates, as well as high levels of adaptive reactivity.

Conclusion. The use of a vitamin and mineral complex containing folic acid and iodine for correction leads to favorable perinatal outcomes in laboratory animals.