Heterogeneous potential of adipocytes and adipose tissue

Abstract

The objective of the review is to analyze scientific data on the role of adipocytes/adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of somatic pathology. The review is not systematic. The literature on the topic was studied in the English-language databases PubMed, Google Scholar and the Russian-language database eLibrary. The results of fundamental and applied research on the origin, functions and key role of adipocytes in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases under the influence of hereditary factors and the external environment are presented. The main attention is paid to the pathogenesis of metabolic and vascular pathology, carcinogenesis.

The heterogeneous potential of adipocytes ensures the adaptation of the organism to changing energy needs at a certain age, in solving physiological problems and problems of extreme human survival. Genetic determinants and lifestyle influence phenotypic changes in adipose tissue and the formation of the metabolic profile. Knowledge of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of adipogenesis, neurobiology of obesity, can ensure precision in the methodologies for treating pathologies associated with dysfunction of adipose tissue.